Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha married George II's eldest son, Frederick, in 1736 and they had nine children. Although she spoke no English when she arrived in England, by 1738 she was able to 'talk freely to the Ladies in good English, which entirely won their Hearts', according to a contemporary observer. She also took care to wear British fabrics on her public appearances which increased her popularity, especially when French fashion was in vogue at her father-in-law the King's court. Even though the Prince of Wales's relationship with his parents deteriorated over the years, the Princess of Wales always managed to remain on good terms with George II who, 'notwithstanding his aversion to his Son, behaved to her not only with great Politeness, but with the appearance of cordiality and Affection'. Her husband died suddenly in 1751 and, after her eldest son, George, came of age in 1756, she led a secluded life at Carlton House in London and at Kew, until she died in 1772. She was buried in Westminster Abbey.

The artist is thought to be a pupil of the miniaturist Christian Friedrich Zinke, probably William Prewett (active 1735-55) who was born in Suffolk and became one of the best British enamellists of his day.