Queen Juliana (1729-96) was the daughter of Albrecht, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. In 1752, she married Frederick V of Denmark as his second wife. From 1772 until 1784, after the breakdown of the marriage of her stepson, King Christian VII of Denmark, and his increasing mental instability, she effectively ruled Denmark with her own son, Prince Frederick. She also founded the porcelain factory known today as Royal Copenhagen. In this miniature, Queen Juliana is wearing state dress and the cross of the Union Parfaite on a blue bow. The crown of Denmark is on the table next to her.

The miniature may be based on one of the state portraits painted by Carl Gustav Pilo after Queen Juliana's marriage to Frederick V. It is also close to an engraving by Johann Essaias Nilson, and published by him about 1760. The identity of the artist is unknown.