In 1832 French portraitist Alexandre-Jean Dubois Drahonet was commissioned by William IV to paint one hundred pictures illustrating the uniform of the British Army. The Royal Collection retains most of this series. A photograph of the Equerry’s Room at Windsor Castle taken in around 1900 shows some of these paintings hanging together, framed in groups.

During the period of peace following the Napoleonic Wars, increasingly elaborate (and often quite impractical) military attire was devised, particularly by George IV. By the time William IV came to the throne in 1830, uniforms had become too expensive and were simplified and adapted once again. The result of these changes was codified and promulgated in the 1831 Dress Regulations. These paintings were intended to provide a visual record of the recent changes to military dress. Their value is not only historical, however, but also aesthetic: Drahonet produces lively, slightly elongated figures, capturing their facial expressions and setting them in a variety of organic poses.

Each painting in the series depicts a single figure against a neutral background. Although their uniform and accoutrements are the focus, the sitters are often identified by name, as well as regiment and rank. Shown here is Sir Charles Wade Thornton, who was a Colonel in the Royal Artillery, the part of the British Army which operated the cannons and other heavy, munition-launching weapons, usually in siege situations rather than in battle.

Thornton lost his right arm during a military expedition to Flanders in 1793, a detail recorded in Drahonet’s painting. His navy blue coatee with red piping and shako with white plume were part of the standard Royal Artillery uniform, as were white trousers in summer. His gold bullion epaulettes and tassled red sash denote his high rank.