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1 of 253523 objects
Charles I, Henrietta Maria and Charles, Prince of Wales (later Charles II) c. 1632
Oil on panel | 47.3 x 59.7 cm (support, canvas/panel/stretcher external) | RCIN 405541
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Pot was a native of Haarlem but his precise and polished manner of painting high-life genre and small scale portraits resembles the work of his Amsterdam contemporaries, in particular Hendrick de Keyser (1596-1667). Charles I may have become interested in this relatively minor artist through his allegorical triumphal procession, the Glorification of William the Silent, commissioned by the city of Haarlem in 1620 or his Civic Guard Group Portrait of 1630 (both Frans Hals Museum, Haarlem). He is recorded as working in London in 1632, and according to Houbraken he painted 'the British King with his wife after the life, with various great men of that Kingdom'. This lost painting was probably a ceremonial painting depicting a council or state function.
This portrait can be dated by analogy with an almost identical image of the King alone in the Louvre, signed and dated 1632. It should probably not strictly be called a conversation as it is little more than a scaled-down family group. However at exactly this date Charles I was experimenting with introducing dialogue into portraits of the royal couple: in the double portrait of 1630-2 (RCIN 405789), for example, Daniel Mytens shows the King sharing his glory with his Queen, symbolized by the passing of a laurel crown. Pot's family group is spread out across the space as if in a real room, though the curtain, column and purple backcloth are all props derived from formal portraiture. This arrangement gives prominence to the Queen, seated upon the dais, and the infant Prince, perched on the side of a table, which he shares with the crown and sceptre. We are to imagine that this family has been indulging in pre-school education allowing the prince to play with some sprigs of foliage. He has scattered the laurels on the floor and holds the olive branch. This suggests that he is being introduced to the two qualities of royalty: Glory (symbolized by the laurel) and Good Governance (symbolized by its result, the Olive of Peace). He has clearly been encouraged to value the latter virtue most highly.Provenance
Purchased by George IV from Sir Thomas Baring as part of a group of 86 Dutch and Flemish paintings, most of which were collected by Sir Thomas’s father, Sir Francis Baring; they arrived at Carlton House on 6 May 1814; recorded in the Blue Velvet Closet at Carlton House in 1816 (no 58), where it appears in Pyne's illustrated 'Royal Residences' of 1819 (RCIN 922185); in the Picture Gallery at Buckingham Palace in 1841 (no 180)
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Creator(s)
Acquirer(s)
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Medium and techniques
Oil on panel
Measurements
47.3 x 59.7 cm (support, canvas/panel/stretcher external)
70.0 x 81.7 x 7.0 cm (frame, external)
Category
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Alternative title(s)
Charles I, Henrietta Maria and Charles II as a Baby
Charles I, Henrietta Maria & Charles, Prince of Wales, later Charles II
Charles I (1600-1649), Henrietta Maria (1609-1669), and Charles, Prince of Wales, later Charles II (1630-1685)