A wooded and mountainous landscape near Eisenach, Thuringia, with rocks in the foreground, and a group of figures, one on horseback, in the middle ground; beyond, a rocky, wooded precipice with the Wartburg Castle at the summit

With foundations laid during the eleventh century by the Thuringian count of Schauenburg, Louis the Springer, Wartburg Castle developed as part of a fortress complex, with Romanesque, Gothic, and nineteenth-century architectural features. In 1521, after his excommunication by Pope Leo X, Martin Luther stayed in the castle, and it was during this period that he translated the New Testament into German (see RCIN 406250).